广西柳东地区火山岩锆石U-Pb-Hf同位素特征及其对岩浆源区的限定          下载免费PDF全文

魏春夏  陆刚  杨锋  李巍  钟锋运  金靖杰  潘艺文  梁力杰  白晓 《中国地质》2022,49(4):1309-1322

【研究目的】柳东地区位于右江盆地东缘,近年来该地区早三叠世石炮组中首次发现一套火山岩夹层,为研究盆地东缘的构造演化特征提供了重要依据。【研究方法】本文以新发现的柳东地区火山岩为研究对象,通过LAICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及Hf同位素分析,研究右江盆地东缘火山岩的形成时代及岩浆源区特征。【研究结果】结果表明,火山岩的岩性为凝灰岩-凝灰质熔岩-凝灰质火山角砾岩组合,指示了典型的火山岩特征。其2件凝灰岩样品中锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb加权平均年龄分别为（244.0±1.9） Ma和（247.1±0.9） Ma,锆石微量元素（U、Th、Hf、Nb）表现出大陆岩浆弧属性特征。锆石Hf同位素结果显示ε_Hf （t）为-13.2~-1.2,二阶段模式年龄（T_DM^C）为1.35~2.06 Ga,其岩浆源区主要为地壳物质,平均地壳存留年龄为1.7~2.06 Ga。【结论】该火山岩夹层与其所出露的地层时代基本相符,属于早三叠世末期—中三叠世早期火山喷发产物,火山岩形成于火山弧-同碰撞的构造环境,代表了弧后盆地的沉积环境,与印支期古特提斯洋的闭合相关。该成果为古特提斯构造域的演化研究提供了新的基础资料,具有重要意义。创新点：柳东地区火山岩属于早三叠世末期—中三叠世早期火山喷发产物,形成于印支期古特提斯洋的闭合条件下的火山弧-同碰撞构造环境。  相似文献   

冻融作用下污泥固化轻质土动力特性及结构演化          下载免费PDF全文

杨爱武  王斌彬  钟晓凯 《水文地质工程地质》2022,49(1):57-65

冻融作用会影响污泥固化轻质土动力特性和结构特性。为研究不同冻融循环次数和冻结温度下的污泥固化轻质土动力特性及结构演化,对冻融循环作用后的污泥固化轻质土进行动三轴试验和固结试验。试验结果表明:在冻融循环作用下,污泥固化轻质土动应力-应变曲线呈弱应变硬化型。污泥固化轻质土动强度和变形随着冻融次数（n）的增加和冻结温度（T）的降低而减小。经历前4次冻融作用后,对固化土变形和动强度影响较大,经历8次冻融循环后基本趋于稳定。冻融循环对土体动力特性的影响本质上是对土体结构性的影响。固化土冻融结构势（m_dσn）的变化规律与动强度类似,随冻融次数的增加和冻结温度的降低而下降。冻融循环次数是影响污泥固化轻质土动力特性和结构性的主要因素,冻结温度为次要因素。  相似文献   

Differential Thermal Regimes of the Tarim and Sichuan Basins in China: Implications for Hydrocarbon Generation and Conservation     

CHANG Jian  LI Dan  QIU Nansheng  ZHU Chuanqing  ZHONG Ningning  FENG Qianqian  ZHANG Haizu  WANG Xiang 《《地质学报》英文版》2022,96(4):1308-1322

The uncertainty surrounding the thermal regimes of the ultra-deep strata in the Tarim and Sichuan basins, China, is unfavorable for further hydrocarbon exploration. This study summarizes and contrasts the present-day and paleo heat flow, geothermal gradient and deep formation temperatures of the Tarim and Sichuan basins. The average heat flow of the Tarim and Sichuan basins are 42.5 ± 7.6 mW/m2 and 53.8 ± 7.6 mW/m2, respectively, reflecting the characteristics of ‘cold’ and ‘warm’ basins. The geothermal gradient with unified depths of 0–5,000 m, 0–6,000 m and 0–7,000 m in the Tarim Basin are 21.6 ± 2.9 °C/km, 20.5 ± 2.8 °C/km and 19.6 ± 2.8 °C/km, respectively, while the geothermal gradient with unified depths of 0–5,000 m, 0–6,000m and 0–7,000 m in the Sichuan Basin are 21.9 ± 2.3 °C/km, 22.1 ± 2.5 °C/km and 23.3 ± 2.4 °C/km, respectively. The differential change of the geothermal gradient between the Tarim and Sichuan basins with depth probably results from the rock thermal conductivity and heat production rate. The formation temperatures at depths of 6,000 m, 7,000 m, 8,000 m, 9,000 m and 10,000 m in the Tarim Basin are 80°C–190°C, 90°C–220°C, 100°C–230°C, 110°C–240°C and 120°C–250°C, respectively, while the formation temperatures at depths of 6,000 m, 7,000 m, 8,000 m and 9,000 m in the Sichuan Basin are 120°C–200°C, 140°C–210°C, 160°C–260°C and 180°C–280°C, respectively. The horizontal distribution pattern of the ultra-deep formation temperatures in the Tarim and Sichuan basins is mainly affected by the basement relief, fault activity and hydrothermal upwelling. The thermal modeling revealed that the paleo-heat flow in the interior of the Tarim Basin decreased since the early Cambrian with an early Permian abrupt peak, while that in the Sichuan Basin experienced three stages of steady state from Cambrian to early Permian, rapidly rising at the end of the early Permian and declining since the late Permian. The thermal regime of the Sichuan Basin was always higher than that of the Tarim Basin, which results in differential oil and gas generation and conservation in the ultra-deep ancient strata. This study not only promotes theoretical development in the exploration of ultra-deep geothermal fields, but also plays an important role in determining the maturation phase of the ultra-deep source rocks and the occurrence state of hydrocarbons in the Tarim and Sichuan basins.  相似文献   

砂土层中盾构掘进实测数据及数值模拟分析     

骆冠勇  钟淼  曹洪  潘泓 《岩土力学》2022,43(Z2):563-574

相对于其他土层,盾构在富水砂层中掘进的风险更大,但目前盾构掘进引起砂层变形的机制并不清楚。依托广州某电力隧道项目,选取一典型富水砂性地层断面对盾构隧道施工引起的地层变形进行高频率、近距离的监测,得到以下几点认识可供类似的工程参考：（1）富水环境下,相对于均质砂层,隧道处于粉砂+粗砂地层组合更容易发生渗透破坏。此情况下,粉砂层在承受更大渗透力同时,又受粗砂层强烈补给供水,非常容易被侵蚀甚至掏空。（2）地层均匀损失与局部集中损失引起地层扰动规律有较大的不同。地层均匀损失时由于拱效应没集中局部损失的强,其扰动范围、地表沉降及水平位移均更大。水平位移最大值的位置与地层损失的非均匀化也密切相关。地层均匀损失时,隧道两边最大水平位移发生在隧道高程范围内;但地层非均匀损失（隧道顶部局部塌落）时,发生最大的水平位移的位置会明显上移。（3）渗透力的作用使得地层扰动范围扩大。（4）地层损失率受注浆影响严重,隧道附近大,地表最小,隧道上方土体呈松散化趋势。  相似文献   

大兴安岭地区古生代构造格架重建:来自俯冲增生杂岩研究进展     

杨晓平  钟辉  杨雅军  江斌  钱程  马永非  张超 《地学前缘》2022,29(2):94-114

大兴安岭地区古生代处于古亚洲洋闭合阶段,其间发育众多的弧盆系和蛇绿岩带,笔者等在大兴安岭地区1: 1 000 000地质编图和野外地质调研基础上,应用“洋板块地质”学术思想在大兴安岭地区元古宙、古生代地质体中划分出一系列“俯冲增生杂岩”、地块基底残块、岛弧、弧前盆地、弧后盆地等构造单元,结合陆(地)块和岩浆弧、弧前盆地、弧后盆地和“俯冲增生杂岩”的时空展布,划分出9条俯冲增生杂岩带,其中新识别出3条俯冲增生杂岩带。俯冲增生杂岩带主要分布于兴蒙造山带内部各地块之间和地块与大型岛弧带之间,相当于地块间及地块与岛弧带间的缝合带。依据俯冲增生杂岩带两侧对应的陆(地)块、岛弧带等构造级别,归并出5条结合带。俯冲增生杂岩带的展布方向以北东向为主,时代自北向南依次变新,从早奥陶世演化到中—晚二叠世,暗示古亚洲洋洋盆向大兴安岭地区陆(地)块俯冲作用最早发生在北部额尔古纳一带,逐渐向南后撤,不断形成新的洋壳和产生俯冲增生作用,相应的活动陆缘从北部额尔古纳地块向南逐渐增生,配套弧盆系时代也逐渐向南变新。早—中三叠世至西拉木伦一带发生陆-陆拼贴,完成华北板块与西伯利亚板块的对接。通过对大兴安岭地区古生代“俯冲增生杂岩”的研究,重建了大兴安岭地区古生代构造格架,提高了古亚洲洋东段洋-陆转换的研究程度。  相似文献   

新特提斯洋晚白垩世演化特点:来自泽当共国日二长花岗岩年代学、地球化学及Sr-Nd同位素证据     

张志平  钟康惠  单树成  郑鑫  黄浩震  严钊 《现代地质》2021,35(5):1194-1205

为加深对西藏泽当地区新特提斯洋演化的认识,对西藏泽当蛇绿混杂岩带内的共国日二长花岗岩进行了岩石学、岩石地球化学、同位素及年代学等研究,研究显示:共国日二长花岗岩岩体规模小、岩性稳定,LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为(90.40±0.68)Ma,属晚白垩世;岩石地球化学具高硅、富铝、富钾、低钛和准铝质钙碱性花岗岩特征;轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损,具明显的负Eu异常,微量元素表现为相对富集Rb、K、Ba、Th、U等大离子亲石元素,显著亏损Nb、P、Ti等高场强元素;(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i=0.705 708~0.706 284,(¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd)_i=0.512 689~0.512 716,ε_Nd(t)=2.00~2.51。以上特征表明,位于泽当蛇绿混杂岩带内的共国日二长花岗岩属于I型花岗岩,由正常岛弧岩浆形成,应为晚白垩世新特提斯洋向北俯冲形成的岛弧环境下俯冲带上部地壳部分熔融的产物,其不属于泽当蛇绿岩的组成部分,表明在90 Ma前泽当洋内弧已经消失。  相似文献   

First Report of Osteoglossiform Fish Huashia from the Cretaceous of Eastern Liaoning,China     

WU Zijie  GAO Fuliang  QIU Longwei  WANG Haipeng  ZHONG Mishan  GAO Yongzhao 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(4):1406-1408

正Objective The Mesozoic strata in eastern Liaoning and southern Jilin are relatively well developed. Liu et al.(1963) studied Lycoptera in North China, and they mentioned the fossils of south Jilin, but they were not included in the study due to the lack of specimens and poor preservation. Ma and Sun(1988) studied fish fossils from the Sankeyushu section in Tonghua, Jilin, and laid the foundation for the study of fish fossils in this area.  相似文献   

基于水合物指示因子的地震识别方法     

邓炜  梁金强  钟桐  何玉林  孟苗苗 《物探与化探》2021,(1):57-67

速度是水合物勘查的重要参数,但是速度的影响因素众多,给高精度识别水合物带来一定困难。水合物储层岩石物理是研究多种因素对速度影响的有效手段之一。考虑到水合物储层未固结等特征,本文采用SCA-DEM模型,重点对比了孔隙度、饱和度等对纵横波速度以及AVO特征的影响,并构建了一种新的水合物指示因子,消除了由于孔隙变化带来的假异常。岩石物理分析表明该指示因子与水合物饱和度具有很高的相关性。然后,推导得到了基于水合物指示因子的地震反射特征方程,并基于该方程反演得到了水合物指示因子,反演结果与实际钻探结果吻合较好,表明该方法具有一定的实用性以及科学性。  相似文献   

Reservoir Characteristics and Genetic Mechanisms of the Mesozoic Granite Buried Hills in the Deep‐water of the Qiongdongnan Basin,Northern South China Sea     

YOU Li  XU Shouli  MAO Xuelian  ZHONG Ji  JIAO Yaoqi  XIONG Xiaofeng 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(1):259-267

Due to its structure,rock and mineral composition,fluid and other factors,the granite Buried Hill Reservoir is highly heterogeneous with a complex longitudinal structure and a reservoir space made up of a combination of dissolution pores and fractures.This paper is based on current understanding of tectonic evolution in the northern part of the South China Sea,in conjunction with the seismic phase characteristics.It is determined that the meshed fault system was formed by three stages of movement-tectonic compression orogeny during the Indochinese epoch,strike-slip compression-tension during the Yanshanian Period,early fracture extension activation during the Himalayan-which controlled the distribution of the Buried Hill Reservoir.Drilling revealed two types of buried hills,faulted anticline and fault horst,their longitudinal structure and the reservoir space type being significantly different.The mineral composition,reservoir space and diagenetic characteristics of the reservoir rocks and minerals were analyzed by lithogeochemistry,micro section and logging etc.,it thus being determined that the Mesozoic rocks of the Songnan Low Uplift in the Qiongdongnan Basin are mainly composed of syenogranite,granodiorite,monzogranite,which is the material basis for the development of the Buried Hill Reservoir.The content of felsic and other brittle minerals is more than 70%,making it easy for it to be transformed into fractures.At the same time,the weathering resistance of granodiorite and monzogranite is weaker than that of syenogranite,which is easily weathered and destroyed,forming a thick sand gravel weathering zone.With increasing depth of burial,weathering and dissolution gradually weaken,the deep acidic fluid improving the reservoir property of internal fractures and expanding the vertical distribution range of the reservoirs.The research results lay a foundation for the exploration of Buried Hill in the deep-water area of the Qiongdongnan Basin.  相似文献   

基于连续消光特征分析的岩石薄片分析系统     

胡小晴  高世臣  张欣  王维  仲鸿儒  周恒 《地学前缘》2021,28(2):296-304

连续消光是指在正交偏光显微镜下,岩石薄片随载物台旋转而发生消光强弱连续变化的现象。作为人工鉴定岩石薄片的重要依据,提取后的连续消光特征可以用于实现岩石薄片的自动分析。结合数字图像处理技术与聚类划分算法,开发出一套能够分割出孔隙、颗粒轮廓,实现颗粒类别划分,并对结果做定量分析的岩石薄片分析系统。从矿物的消光特征本质出发,连续消光特征提取精确与否是能否有效划分颗粒类别的关键环节。因此,针对系统在连续消光特征提取过程中的消光位对齐与消光基值去除操作分别设置了对照组。以鄂尔多斯盆地某区长6段砂岩薄片在正交偏光镜下的角度域序列图像进行实验,结果表明,所开发的基于岩石薄片分析系统能够提取到更为精确的连续消光特征,且该系统定量分析结果与专业人员鉴定结果基本一致。  相似文献